Sooner or later, fine lines and skin folds—wrinkles—appear on every woman's face. They may have different depths, but modern cosmetology techniques can make them less noticeable and even eliminate them completely. In addition, thanks to proper facial skin care, you can delay their appearance for years.
Let's look at the types of wrinkles and their causes, as well as ways to eliminate them and prevention methods.
Types of wrinkles on the face
By locationcosmetologists identify wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and around the eyes, which are called "crow's feet. "
In addition, there are nasolabial folds, marionette lines that extend from the corners of the lips down toward the chin, and small purse-string wrinkles that appear above the upper lip.
In terms of depth, wrinkles are shallow, medium deep and deep.
- Superficial wrinklesaffects the upper layer of the skin - the epidermis. As a rule, they are small, there can be many and they can occupy a large area. Such folds, which form a network of cracks, are most often formed due to dry skin.
- Medium deep wrinklesappear when superficial wrinkles develop and deepen into the middle layer of the skin - the dermis. This is mainly due to the fact that special cells called fibroblasts begin to synthesize less collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.
- Deep wrinklesmainly formed in the area of natural skin folds. Their development is associated with processes in the skin and subcutaneous fat, muscle hypertonicity, facial structural features and even genetic predisposition.
Tactics to prevent and combat wrinkles depend on the cause of their occurrence, so they should be given more attention.
The main reason for appearance
There are several main factors that contribute to the appearance of deep holes or fine wrinkles on our skin.
Natural aging
As a rule, after 40 years, age-related wrinkles begin to appear on the face. In response to the decrease in the production of female sex hormones, collagen production decreases, the rate of cell renewal decreases, and the skin loses moisture and elasticity.
In addition, gravitational ptosis can occur with age. When the soft tissue of the face weakens and loses its elasticity, it becomes difficult to withstand the force of gravity, so the oval of the face becomes deformed, the skin begins to sag, folds and deep wrinkles form.
Active facial expressions
Due to active facial expressions, you can experience wrinkles at the age of 20. The problem is that our facial muscles are attached to the skin, and they move as the muscles contract and lengthen. If the facial muscles contract regularly, over time the skin in the area of its activity stops straightening and superficial wrinkles form, which can later turn into deep ones.
Habits that we often do not notice about ourselves, such as frowning, raising or furrowing eyebrows, squinting and laughing, lead to the formation of wrinkles.
Photo shoot
Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin leads to cell damage and so-called photoaging. UVA rays disrupt the processes that occur in the epidermis and also destroy the collagen and elastin in the dermis. As a result, the facial skin becomes weak, dehydrated and wrinkled.
Improper care
The occurrence of wrinkles is often associated with dehydration of the skin and disruption of the exfoliation process of the horny cells of the epidermis. Therefore, skin care, including regular cleansing, nutrition and hydration, is very important.
If you don't follow these steps or use the wrong cosmetics, you can age your face prematurely and cause wrinkles to appear.
In addition, genetic predisposition and dry skin type may be to blame for the early appearance of noticeable wrinkles.
Aggravating factors
In addition to the main reason, there are several additional factors that lead to the formation and deepening of wrinkles.
Health problem
Teeth and jaw problems can contribute to the appearance of wrinkles on the face. Some wrinkles, such as nasolabial folds and nasolacrimal grooves, become more noticeable due to swelling and fluid retention in the tissue.
Deterioration in the quality of the skin and the appearance of sagging and wrinkles can be a manifestation of diseases of internal organs, such as endocrine glands, liver, kidneys or lungs.
Pressure
Constant stress can also cause wrinkles. During severe emotional stress, an increase in the production of cortisol occurs, which slows down the production of collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid by fibroblasts. As a result, the facial skin loses turgor, that is, the ability to return to its original state after compression, and forms wrinkles.
When stressed, the blood vessels of the skin spasm and the facial muscles become tense. All this gradually leads to the appearance of wrinkles.
Bad habits
Any bad habit affects the beauty of our face.
Passive lifestyleworsen vascular tone and lymphatic drainage, causing the skin to become less elastic and susceptible to the formation of wrinkles.
Late bedtimes and persistent sleep deprivationleading to dehydration of the skin and cutting the precious time used by the body to restore the epidermis. The fewer hours you sleep each day now, the more wrinkles you will have on your face in a few years.
Poor nutritionskin aging. A strict diet, especially with an insufficient amount of protein, leads to the fact that the skin has no place to take material to build tissue. And the abundance of carbohydrates in the diet, including sweets, causes the "sugar" of collagen fibers, which is why they become brittle and lose their elasticity. All this leads to early aging and the formation of wrinkles.
Smoking- one of the main bad habits that affect the appearance of your face. Tobacco smoke contains many harmful compounds that lead to skin diseases, dehydration, loss of antioxidants in the skin and poor blood flow. Smokers have a higher risk of developing deep wrinkles than non-smokers.
Wrinkles often appear due to a combination of several reasons.
Methods to treat wrinkles
There are many techniques to smooth out wrinkles and make your skin firm, fresh and radiant again.
Facial massage
Thanks to manual massage and good equipment, you can improve blood circulation and lymphatic drainage, saturate tissues with oxygen, stimulate regenerative processes in the skin and remove swelling.
In addition, manual massage allows you to relax the deep muscles, return them to their previous length and position, and therefore straighten facial wrinkles.
One course of procedures gives a noticeable effect, but even after one session, wrinkles become less noticeable and the face looks fresher and younger.
Although massage is harmless, this method of wrinkle correction has contraindications. It is impossible to stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in case of oncology, blood diseases and enlarged lymph nodes for any reason. Also, massage is contraindicated for neuralgia and skin problems: exacerbation of herpes, purulent inflammation and allergies.
People prone to allergic reactions should not use essential oils when massaging their face.
Acid skin
Superficial and moderate skin, which is carried out using cosmetics containing acids, is effective in the fight against wrinkles.
superficial exfoliationhelps to exfoliate keratinized facial skin cells, accelerates the process of epidermal renewal, evens out skin texture and color and removes small superficial wrinkles. As a rule, salicylic, lactic or glycolic acid or a mixture of lactic and salicylic acid is used for this procedure.
Peeling mediumpenetrates deeper into the dermis, stimulates active synthesis of collagen and hyaluronic acid, skin renewal and smoothing or reduction of moderately deep wrinkles. It causes peeling and the appearance of crusts, requires a recovery period and the use of special care products, but has a more noticeable effect. To remove wrinkles, after acne and other skin problems with its help, glycolic, trichloroacetic acid or Yellow Peel are most often used.
However, without knowing how to use peeling correctly, you can cause dermatitis even with products with a small acid content. Therefore, it is best to contact a cosmetologist for the procedure.
Botulinum therapy
To get rid of crow's feet, facial wrinkles on the forehead, between the eyebrows and in other areas, drug injections based on botulinum toxin are actively used. It temporarily paralyzes the muscles that form wrinkles, the fibers relax, regain their previous length, and skin folds also straighten.
The effect lasts for six months, after which the procedure must be repeated.
Botox itself is harmless and does not cause intoxication, because microscopic doses of neurotoxin are used to straighten wrinkles. But the correction of wrinkles can only be done by a professional - a cosmetologist who knows the structure of the face well, because complications may occur if the medicine is administered incorrectly.
Among the most unpleasant side effects are eyelid ptosis, drooping eyebrows and impaired lip mobility.
Plasmolifting
With the help of plasma injections with a high platelet content, obtained from your own blood, you can stimulate the skin regeneration process and remove wrinkles.
Platelets contain growth factors that activate collagen and elastin production by fibroblasts. Thanks to them, plasma lifting restores firmness and elasticity to the skin, helps eliminate expression lines and age-related wrinkles, provides a lifting effect and improves the skin.
The same technique is used to stimulate hair growth on the head.
Plasmolifting is safe, because the patient's own cells are used as medicine..
But the anti-wrinkle injection, like any cosmetic procedure, has contraindications. These are bleeding disorders, taking antithrombotic drugs, oncology with metastases and purulent inflammatory skin diseases.
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is effective for correcting wrinkles and preventing aging - introducing micro-injections of hyaluronic acid, vitamins, amino acids and other useful substances to the desired area, selected by a cosmetologist depending on the needs of the facial skin.
In addition to the drug component, microtrauma caused by thin needles has an effect. They stimulate the skin's own regeneration process and the production of collagen and elastin.
Mesotherapy is good for moisturizing dry skin and fighting the early signs of aging, including superficial wrinkles.
It has a short recovery period: the bumps that remain on the skin after the injection disappear after a few days.
The results of the course of the procedure-reducing the depth of wrinkles-last for one and a half years.
But, in addition to traditional contraindications, mesotherapy is not suitable for those with serious kidney disease. And it is important to remember that there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the drug.
Senior high school
SMAS lifting, the effect of which is compared to plastic surgery for lifting, helps to remove superficial and moderately deep wrinkles, makes nasolabial folds less obvious and improves the shape of the face.
The device for this procedure emits ultrasound, which penetrates deep into the skin to the muscle layer and stimulates the production of collagen and elastin.
Cosmetologists specifically treat facial areas with wrinkles for 30-90 minutes. In this case, the patient feels warmth, slight tingling and skin tension.
The most noticeable effect, including the correction of facial wrinkles, is achieved about six months after the procedure and lasts for more than a year. In this case, just one session every few years is enough.
Contour plastic
Another option to correct wrinkles is contour plastic surgery. During the procedure, fillers are injected under age and expression wrinkles - biodegradable hyaluronic acid gel or a person's own adipose tissue. Injections fill the space, smooth the skin and give the face a younger appearance.
The same technique is used to restore harmonious facial features, including lip contour and volume.
The contour effect without surgery lasts up to two years.
But this is a rather serious procedure to remove wrinkles, which should be done only by a professional doctor and only with approved drugs. Poor-quality fillers, improperly selected density, or inaccurate injections under wrinkles can lead to the opposite effect - uneven appearance and even tissue fibrosis or facial expression disorders.
Fractional photothermolysis
Fractional photothermolysis can be used to remove wrinkles at any depth and restore skin elasticity. The procedure uses a fractional laser. The beam, broken into small beams, penetrates deep into the skin and damages it according to direction, stimulating the regeneration process and activating the production of collagen.
Due to the fact that the laser operates in certain steps and does not process all tissues, recovery is very fast.After the procedure, red spots appeared briefly on the face, but no serious thermal burns occurred.
After just one session, a noticeable rejuvenating effect and the loss or reduction of wrinkles is noticeable.
This procedure is quite painful and has a recovery period.
Laser peeling
In addition to fractionation, that is, targeted photothermolysis, general laser peeling is used to combat wrinkles, where the entire face is treated evenly. It exfoliates dead cells layer by layer by vaporizing the tissue area and the depth of the effect can be shallow or medium.
The effect of the anti-wrinkle procedure is similar to acid peel, with the difference that instead of acid, a laser is used for exfoliation.
A few sessions of laser rejuvenation can smooth fine lines and reduce deep age and expression wrinkles.
But after moderate laser peeling there is more damage than after fractional exposure, so a longer recovery period is required.
To choose the optimal procedure to combat wrinkles, it is best to consult a cosmetologist. He will assess the condition of the skin of the face and the general condition of the body, indications and contraindications for the use of various cosmetic methods against wrinkles and recommend the most effective and safe methods.
Wrinkle prevention: advice from a cosmetologist
The formation and deepening of wrinkles can be prevented by taking proper care of your skin and replacing some bad habits with healthy ones.
Care that will keep your skin youthful
Care that includes high-quality cleansing, moisturizing, nourishing the skin and protecting the face from ultraviolet rays will help delay the appearance of wrinkles.
To exfoliate old cells, cosmetologists recommend using acid.
Cosmetic products with hyaluronic acid are excellent for moisturizing the skin and preventing wrinkles.
To stimulate collagen production and maintain its fibers, you should pay attention to cosmetics with retinol, peptides and antioxidants.
In addition to basic care - a cream that protects the skin during the day and restores it at night, you can also use a serum with a concentration of useful ingredients to prevent wrinkles.
Instead of choosing cosmetics through trial and error, it is better to make an appointment with a cosmetic specialist. He will write an optimal care program for you, choosing products that suit your skin's needs.
Habits that will help delay the appearance of wrinkles
A few more suggestions will help slow down the formation of wrinkles.
- Dream. To regenerate facial skin, it is useful to sleep at least 7 hours a day.
- water. To activate the metabolic processes of the skin, you need to drink enough water - about 2 liters a day.
- Nutrition. Building healthy, firm and wrinkle-free skin requires a balanced diet with plenty of protein, fatty acids and vegetables. At the same time, it is important to limit flour and sweets.
- Exercising.For good blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in the facial area, you need to move. Not only any sports activity is suitable, but also walking in the fresh air.
- Relaxation. To avoid wrinkles, it is important to learn to relax your facial muscles. Both visiting a massage parlor or self-massage, as well as psychological practice will help with this.
- Calm. To avoid premature skin aging and the appearance of wrinkles, it is advisable to learn how to cope with stress and let it enter your life as little as possible.
Proper care and lifestyle changes will improve the health and appearance of your facial skin, as well as reduce the number of wrinkles that will appear in the future.
Trust an experienced cosmetologist, take care of your appearance, sign up for a cosmetic procedure at a professional center with a certified doctor.